Pindall, AR (72675)

Searcy County · Population 1,644

Fresh.Data current as of Apr 24, 2026

Pindall, AR (ZIP 72675) sits in Searcy County. The page draws on 2 federal data feeds retrieved Apr 27. Top health signal: High Blood Pressure comes in above the national average at 47.2%. NCES lists 1 schools serving the area, 1 non-charter. 2 colleges and universities serve the area, with median in-state tuition of $3,408. 25% of returns claim the Earned Income Tax Credit (IRS), a higher share than most ZIPs. Local establishments report average pay of $22,881 per worker (Census ZBP) — below the US average. BLS QCEW reports average annual pay of $36,776 per worker, roughly 44% below the US average. FEMA has issued 33 federal disaster declarations affecting this ZIP since 1969 — a high-frequency exposure profile. County Health Rankings reports 10,894 years of potential life lost per 100,000 (2025) — well above the national county median. 32.9% of residents in this county are flagged low-access by USDA's 2025 Food Environment Atlas — a notable supermarket-access gap. Arkansas levies a flat state income tax (top rate 3.90%); a household at the local median AGI of $50,642 would pay roughly $1,185/year before deductions. IRS migration data (2022-2023) shows a net gain of 105 residents (16 households) — the ZIP's primary county is growing. Healthcare access is the area's quieter strength; school options sit on the lighter side, so families may find themselves looking at districts a few ZIPs over. Notable: median household income $46,635, fair market rent of $880 for a two-bedroom, and a typical home value of $214,172, up 5.9% over the past year. Every figure on this page links to its underlying federal dataset with a retrieval date so you can audit the freshness yourself.

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Demographics

Population & age

Total population
1,644
Median age
40.6

Race & ethnicity

White
94.5%
Black
0.0%
Asian
0.0%
Hispanic / Latino
0.0%
Other / multi-racial
4.8%

Income & housing

Median household income
$46,635
Median home value
$125,700

Education

Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+)
20.1%

Employment

Unemployment rate
3.1%

Housing

Owner-occupied
452(73.5%)
Renter-occupied
163(26.5%)
Vacant units
413
Built (median)
1981

Commute

Public transit
0(0.0%)
Work from home
32(4.8%)
Avg commute
30.3 min

Economic wellbeing

Below poverty line
498(30.3%)
Uninsured
0(0.0%)

Digital access

Broadband access
505(82.1%)
No broadband
110(17.9%)

Language & nativity

Foreign-born
0(0.0%)
Non-English at home
2(0.1%)

Studio

$630

/month

1 Bed

$670

/month

2 Bed

$880

/month

3 Bed

$1,210

/month

4 Bed

$1,240

/month

HUD Fair Market Rents represent the 40th percentile of standard-quality rental housing in this area. FY2026 data.

See national housing trends →

Home values

Typical home value

$214,172

Zillow Home Value Index (ZHVI) · as of March 2026

Year-over-year change

+5.9%

vs. March 2025

5-year change

+32.8%

vs. March 2021

Source: Zillow Research, ZHVI All Homes (SFR, Condo/Co-op) Time Series (zillow.com/research/data). Zillow Home Value Index (ZHVI) is copyrighted by Zillow, Inc.

New housing construction

New housing units permitted

240

Across 240 permitted buildings. Total construction value: $25.7M.

Single-family

240

100% of total units

Multifamily (2+ unit)

0

0% of total units

Single-family value

$25.7M

construction value

Multifamily value

$0

construction value

Aggregated from 2 counties touching this ZIP (2024).

Source: U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey (census.gov/construction/bps). Public domain. BPS reports annual residential building permits from local permit-issuing jurisdictions, aggregated to county. A permit reflects intent to build, not a completed unit — actual construction lags by 6-24 months for multifamily projects.

Income & tax statistics

Tax returns filed

520

Average AGI

$50,642

Avg property tax

EITC participation

25.0%

Income distribution

  • $1 – $25,00034.6% · 180
  • $25,000 – $50,00028.8% · 150
  • $50,000 – $75,00015.4% · 80
  • $75,000 – $100,0009.6% · 50
  • $100,000 – $200,00011.5% · 60
  • $200,000 or more0.0% · 0

Avg mortgage interest

Avg charitable contribution

Avg capital gains

$1,162

Avg total income tax

Source: IRS Statistics of Income — Individual Income Tax Statistics by ZIP Code (irs.gov). Public domain. Dollar columns reported in thousands by the IRS; figures here display real dollars. Total ZCTA AGI for the area was $26.3M across all reported brackets.

Business & employment

Business establishments

12

Total employment

101

Annual payroll

$2.3M

Average annual pay

$22,881

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ZIP Business Patterns (census.gov). Public domain. ZBP covers establishments with paid employees; Census suppresses employment and payroll values when fewer employers operate in a ZIP than would protect their confidentiality.

Employment & wages

Average annual pay

$36,776

Average weekly wage

$707

Total employment

1,407

Total establishments

163

That is roughly 44% below the US national average of $65,470 per worker.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (bls.gov/cew). Public domain. QCEW is derived from state unemployment-insurance filings and covers ~95% of US jobs. Figures are county-level totals assigned to ZIPs whose primary county matches; small-employer cells are suppressed by BLS to protect employer confidentiality.

Unemployment

Unemployment rate

3.9%

That tracks the US national unemployment rate of about 4.0%.

Labor force

3,079

Employed

2,958

Unemployed

121

Based on Searcy County, AR data (2024).

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics (bls.gov/lau). Public domain. LAUS publishes monthly and annual labor-force estimates for every US county. Figures are county-level totals assigned to ZIPs whose primary county matches.

Social Vulnerability Index

Overall SVI

27th percentile

Moderate Vulnerability

Based on 3 census tracts, population 1,639

Vulnerability Themes

  • Socioeconomic Status45th percentile
  • Household Characteristics36th percentile
  • Racial & Ethnic Minority Status6th percentile
  • Housing Type & Transportation23rd percentile

Households Without Vehicle

32

Persons with Disability

367

Without HS Diploma

149

Without Health Insurance

117

Adults Age 65+

398

The Social Vulnerability Index uses U.S. Census data to identify communities most at risk during public health emergencies and natural disasters. Higher percentiles indicate greater vulnerability. Tract-level scores are aggregated to this ZCTA via Census 2020 ZCTA→Tract crosswalk, weighted by land-area share. Source: atsdr.cdc.gov. Public domain.

Federal Disaster Declarations

Federally Declared Disasters

33

Date Range

1969–2026

Most Recent Declaration

SEVERE WINTER STORM

Winter Storm — declared January 24, 2026 (DR-3636)

Incident period: January 23, 2026 – January 27, 2026

Top Incident Types

  • Severe Storm16 (48%)
  • Flood6 (18%)
  • Severe Ice Storm4 (12%)
  • Winter Storm2 (6%)
  • Hurricane2 (6%)
  • Other3 (9%)

Individual Assistance

6

Direct help to disaster survivors

Households Program

4

Housing & temporary lodging support

Public Assistance

32

Repair of public facilities & roads

Hazard Mitigation

17

Funding to reduce future disaster risk

FEMA declares disasters at the county level; counts here include every federally declared disaster touching any county that overlaps this ZIP. Statewide declarations and pre-1964 records without county granularity are excluded. Program flags reflect which FEMA assistance categories were activated (Individual Assistance, Households, Public Assistance, Hazard Mitigation). Source: fema.gov/openfema. Public domain.

Climate

30-year averages (1991-2020) from the nearest GHCN-D weather station. Temperature and precipitation values reflect typical annual conditions, not any single year.

Avg. temperature

57.8°F

45.7°70°

Annual precipitation

48.1"

Annual snowfall

4.4"

Heating · cooling days

4,027.5 · 1,449.9

Annual base 65°F

Nearest station: GILBERT, AR US, 4.8 miles from the centroid of Pindall, AR (ZIP 72675)

Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991–2020 U.S. Climate Normals (ncei.noaa.gov). Public domain.

See national environment & climate trends →

Community health profile

Years of potential life lost (per 100K)

10,894

That is roughly 2,694 years per 100,000 above the national county median (~8,200).

Premature death is the headline composite outcome CHR reports — age-adjusted, all-cause, before age 75.

Fair or poor health

28%

of adults self-report

Poor physical health days

5.8

avg per adult per month

Poor mental health days

6.9

avg per adult per month

Uninsured

9.2%

of residents under 65

Primary care MDs

25

per 100,000 residents

Preventable hospital stays

2,683

per 100K Medicare enrollees

Food environment (0-10)

4.6

10 = best access & security

Exercise access

20%

residents near a facility

Flu vaccinated

20%

of Medicare enrollees

Low birth weight (under 2,500 g) accounts for 7.4% of live births in this county — an early-life health input that downstream outcomes track against.

Based on Searcy data (2025 CHR release).

Source: County Health Rankings & Roadmaps, University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute (countyhealthrankings.org). Annual release. Underlying source datasets vary by measure (CDC BRFSS, NCHS Vital Statistics, AHA, USDA Food Environment Atlas, and others). Figures are county-level and assigned to every ZIP whose primary county matches.

Food access

Food access status

Significant food access concerns

32.9% of Searcy County, AR residents live more than 1 mile (urban) or 10 miles (rural) from the nearest supermarket.

Grocery stores

per 1,000 residents

Supercenters & clubs

per 1,000 residents

SNAP-authorized stores

1.14

accepting food benefits

Fast-food restaurants

0.51

per 1,000 residents

Among low-income residents, 14.6% are low-access — those without a supermarket within 1 mile (urban) or 10 miles (rural).

Per-1,000 figures show how many of each store type exist in Searcy County, AR for every 1,000 residents. Higher grocery and supercenter density usually means easier access to fresh food; higher convenience-store-only density (with low grocery rate) often signals a food swamp.

Source: USDA Economic Research Service, Food Environment Atlas (ers.usda.gov). County-level metrics fanned to ZIP via the primary county in the Census ZCTA-county relationship file. Variable years differ per family (stores ~2020, low-access ~2019).

Safety

FBI publishes crime data at the county level. Numbers below cover the primary county that contains this ZIP. Rates are per 100,000 residents in the area covered by reporting agencies.

Violent crime rate

per 100K residents · 24 reports

Property crime rate

per 100K residents · 84 reports

Homicide

0

Robbery

1

Burglary

17

Vehicle theft

4

County-level data for Marion (2024)

Source: U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Uniform Crime Reporting Program (cde.ucr.cjis.gov). Public domain. Coverage varies by reporting agency; areas with partial agency coverage may understate true crime totals.

See national safety & crime trends →

Who’s moving in and out

Net migration (2022-2023)

+105 people

+16 households+$7.3M net AGI flow

Moved in

255households

536 people • $14.9M AGI

Moved out

239households

431 people • $7.6M AGI

Where new residents came from

No county-level breakdown available.

Where departing residents went

  1. Drew County, AR78 households
  2. Boone County, AR26 households

Incoming households reported an average AGI of $58,251 versus departing households' $31,791.

Source: U.S. Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income, Migration Data (irs.gov). Public domain. Migration is measured by year-over-year changes in the address on individual tax returns; figures are county-level totals attributed to ZIPs whose primary county matches. Foreign migration contributes to inflow/outflow totals but does not appear in the top-county lists. Small flows are suppressed by IRS to protect taxpayer confidentiality.

Taxes & benefits in Arkansas

State-level rules that apply to every resident of ZIP 72675. Numbers reflect the most recent published year per source.

Tax rates

Income tax

3.90%

flat · 1 brackets

Sales tax (combined)

9.46%

State 6.50% · avg local 2.96%

Property tax (effective)

0.52%

Median $679/year

Tax burden rank

28 of 50

10.30% of personal income

For ZIP 72675: At this ZIP's median AGI of $50,642, the estimated state income tax (before deductions) runs about $1,185 per year. Applied to this ZIP's typical home value of $214,172, that works out to roughly $1,107/year in property tax.

Paid family leave

Program

Voluntary (private insurance framework)

Voluntary (private insurance framework)

Safety net

SNAP eligibility

130% FPL

Federal 130% FPL gross income limit. Asset limit $3,000.

Sources: Tax Foundation (state tax rates & brackets), Bipartisan Policy Center (paid family leave), USDA FNS (SNAP categorical eligibility).

Other ZIPs near 72675

Other ZIPs in Pindall

Nearby ZIPs by distance

72636 (Gilbert, 4.7 mi) · 72669 (Pindall, 6.1 mi) · 72682 (10.1 mi) · 72633 (Everton, 10.5 mi) · 72685 (Western Grove, 11.3 mi) · 72650 (Marshall, 11.3 mi)

Compare ZIP-level stats — population, schools, housing, climate — across nearby areas. Source: U.S. Census Bureau ZCTA basemap.

Data sources used on this page

All data on this page is sourced from federal government datasets · Not AI-generated · Methodology

Health profile

Crude prevalence estimates from CDC PLACES, derived from BRFSS small-area modeling. Population-level figures only.

Schools in this ZIP

1 school serves this ZIP, including 1 non-charter.

All 1 schools serving this ZIP
SchoolTypeGradesEnrollment
ST. JOE K-12 SCHOOLPublic0–12277

Schools listed from NCES Common Core of Data via the Urban Institute Education Data Portal.

Fresh.NCES CCD via Urban Institute EDP · Apr 27, 2026

Colleges & universities nearby

Colleges in this area

2

Median in-state tuition

$3,408

Median earnings (10 yr)

$34,446

  • North Arkansas College

    Harrison, AR · 72601

    2-Year
    In-state tuition
    $3,504
    Out-of-state tuition
    $5,592
    Acceptance rate
    Graduation rate
    35.7%
    Median earnings (10 yr)
    $34,653
    Median student debt
    $9,000
  • Arkansas State University-Mountain Home

    Mountain Home, AR · 72653

    2-Year
    In-state tuition
    $3,312
    Out-of-state tuition
    $4,776
    Acceptance rate
    Graduation rate
    47.3%
    Median earnings (10 yr)
    $34,238
    Median student debt
    $10,500

Source: U.S. Department of Education College Scorecard (collegescorecard.ed.gov). Public domain data. Earnings figures reflect median earnings 10 years after entry for federally-aided students.

What these numbers say together

Pindall, AR (ZIP 72675) sits in Searcy County. The page draws on 2 federal data feeds retrieved Apr 27. Top health signal: High Blood Pressure comes in above the national average at 47.2%. NCES lists 1 schools serving the area, 1 non-charter. 2 colleges and universities serve the area, with median in-state tuition of $3,408. 25% of returns claim the Earned Income Tax Credit (IRS), a higher share than most ZIPs. Local establishments report average pay of $22,881 per worker (Census ZBP) — below the US average. BLS QCEW reports average annual pay of $36,776 per worker, roughly 44% below the US average. FEMA has issued 33 federal disaster declarations affecting this ZIP since 1969 — a high-frequency exposure profile. County Health Rankings reports 10,894 years of potential life lost per 100,000 (2025) — well above the national county median. 32.9% of residents in this county are flagged low-access by USDA's 2025 Food Environment Atlas — a notable supermarket-access gap. Arkansas levies a flat state income tax (top rate 3.90%); a household at the local median AGI of $50,642 would pay roughly $1,185/year before deductions. IRS migration data (2022-2023) shows a net gain of 105 residents (16 households) — the ZIP's primary county is growing. Healthcare access is the area's quieter strength; school options sit on the lighter side, so families may find themselves looking at districts a few ZIPs over. Notable: median household income $46,635, fair market rent of $880 for a two-bedroom, and a typical home value of $214,172, up 5.9% over the past year. Every figure on this page links to its underlying federal dataset with a retrieval date so you can audit the freshness yourself.

The two domains pull in different directions. Healthcare access reads strong, but the on-paper school count is on the lighter side — that’s less a quality signal and more a density one. Households here often look at districts a few ZIPs over for school choice while keeping their providers local.

One concrete reading worth keeping: Depression prevalence sits higher the national rate at 26.6%. Each figure on this page links to the original federal dataset with its retrieval date — this synthesis is a reading, not a substitute for the underlying records.

Frequently Asked Questions — ZIP 72675

What is the obesity rate in ZIP 72675?

39.6%, which is 6.6 percentage points above the national average of 33.0% (CDC PLACES, retrieved Apr 24, 2026).

What is the depression rate in ZIP 72675?

26.6%, which is 4.6 percentage points above the national average of 22.0% (CDC PLACES, retrieved Apr 24, 2026).

What is the high blood pressure rate in ZIP 72675?

47.2%, which is 15.2 percentage points above the national average of 32.0% (CDC PLACES, retrieved Apr 24, 2026).

How many schools are in ZIP 72675?

1 school serves this ZIP, including 1 public school (NCES CCD, retrieved Apr 27, 2026). No charter schools are listed in this ZIP by NCES CCD.

Does ZIP 72675 have charter schools?

No charter schools are listed in ZIP 72675 by NCES CCD (retrieved Apr 27, 2026).

Are there high schools in ZIP 72675?

Yes, 1 high school serves this ZIP: St. Joe K-12 School. (NCES CCD, retrieved Apr 27, 2026).

What is the population of ZIP 72675?

1,644 people live in ZIP 72675, with a median age of 40.6 (Census ACS 5-Year 2022, retrieved Apr 30, 2026).

What is the median household income in ZIP 72675?

$46,635 per year (Census ACS 5-Year 2022, retrieved Apr 30, 2026).

Is ZIP 72675 mostly renters or homeowners?

In ZIP 72675, 73.5% of occupied housing units are owner-occupied and 26.5% are renter-occupied (Census ACS 5-Year 2022, retrieved Apr 30, 2026).

How do people commute in ZIP 72675?

In ZIP 72675, 4.8% of workers work from home. Public transit is used by 0.0% of commuters (Census ACS 5-Year 2022, retrieved Apr 30, 2026).

What is the poverty rate in ZIP 72675?

30.3% of the population in ZIP 72675 lives below the federal poverty line (Census ACS 5-Year 2022, retrieved Apr 30, 2026).

What percentage of households in ZIP 72675 have broadband internet?

82.1% of households in ZIP 72675 have broadband internet access (Census ACS 5-Year 2022, retrieved Apr 30, 2026).

What is the typical home value in ZIP 72675?

The typical home value in ZIP 72675 is $214,172, up 5.9% from a year ago (Zillow Home Value Index, retrieved May 1, 2026).

Are home values rising or falling in ZIP 72675?

Home values are up 5.9% over the past year and up 32.8% over the past five years (Zillow Home Value Index, retrieved May 1, 2026).

What is the average household income in ZIP 72675?

The average Adjusted Gross Income reported on tax returns from ZIP 72675 (Pindall, AR) is $50,642 per return (IRS SOI Tax Year 2022, retrieved May 2, 2026).

How much do homeowners pay in property tax in ZIP 72675?

Tax returns from ZIP 72675 report an average of $0 per return in real-estate tax deductions (IRS SOI Tax Year 2022, retrieved May 2, 2026).

What percentage of residents in ZIP 72675 earn over $200,000?

0.0% of tax returns from ZIP 72675 (Pindall, AR) report Adjusted Gross Income of $200,000 or more (IRS SOI Tax Year 2022, retrieved May 2, 2026).

How many businesses are in ZIP 72675?

As of 2022, 12 business establishments operated in ZIP 72675 employing 101 workers (Census ZIP Business Patterns, retrieved May 3, 2026).

What is the average salary in ZIP 72675?

The average annual pay across all local establishments in ZIP 72675 is $22,881, based on Census ZIP Business Patterns 2022 data (retrieved May 3, 2026).

How vulnerable is ZIP 72675 to disasters and public health emergencies?

According to the CDC Social Vulnerability Index (2022), ZIP 72675 ranks in the 27th percentile nationally for social vulnerability — a moderate vulnerability profile (retrieved May 3, 2026).

What is the biggest vulnerability factor in ZIP 72675?

Socioeconomic Status is the highest-scoring CDC SVI theme for ZIP 72675, ranking in the 45th percentile nationally (CDC/ATSDR Social Vulnerability Index 2022, retrieved May 3, 2026).

How many federally declared disasters has ZIP 72675 experienced?

FEMA has recorded 33 federal disaster declarations affecting ZIP 72675 between 1969–2026 (FEMA OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations, retrieved May 3, 2026).

What kinds of disasters most often hit ZIP 72675?

Severe Storm is the most common federally declared disaster type affecting ZIP 72675, accounting for 16 of 33 declarations (48%, FEMA OpenFEMA, retrieved May 3, 2026).

What was the most recent disaster declared for ZIP 72675?

The most recent FEMA disaster declaration affecting ZIP 72675 was "SEVERE WINTER STORM" — a winter storm declared in 2026 (DR-3636) (FEMA OpenFEMA, retrieved May 3, 2026).

What colleges are near ZIP 72675?

2 colleges and universities are listed near ZIP 72675 by the U.S. Department of Education College Scorecard, including North Arkansas College and Arkansas State University-Mountain Home (retrieved May 2, 2026).

What is the average tuition at colleges near ZIP 72675?

Median in-state tuition across 2 nearby institutions is $3,408 (College Scorecard, retrieved May 2, 2026).

What do graduates earn from colleges near ZIP 72675?

Graduates of nearby colleges earn a median of $34,446 ten years after entry (College Scorecard, retrieved May 2, 2026).

What is the climate like in ZIP 72675?

ZIP 72675 has an average annual temperature of 57.8°F and 48.1" of annual precipitation based on the GILBERT, AR US weather station 4.8 miles from the ZIP centroid (NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, retrieved May 8, 2026).

What taxes apply in ZIP 72675?

Arkansas has a flat income tax with a top rate of 3.90%. Households at the local median AGI of $50,642 would pay roughly $1,185 in state income tax annually (estimated, before deductions). Combined sales tax: 9.46% (Tax Foundation 2025).

Does Arkansas have paid family leave?

Arkansas runs an active paid family leave program offering up to — weeks of paid leave per year (Bipartisan Policy Center 2026).

What data is available for ZIP 72675?

This page covers health outcomes from CDC PLACES (40 metrics), school information from NCES CCD (1 school), demographics from the Census ACS 5-Year (2022), home values from the Zillow Home Value Index, colleges from the U.S. Department of Education College Scorecard (2 institutions), income & tax statistics from the IRS SOI (Tax Year 2022), local business & employment from Census ZIP Business Patterns (2022), social vulnerability scores from the CDC/ATSDR SVI (2022), federal disaster declarations from FEMA OpenFEMA (33 on record), climate normals from NOAA NCEI (1991-2020), county-level crime data from the FBI Crime Data Explorer (2024), and state-level tax rates from the Tax Foundation. Data is refreshed on Mubboo's standard schedule.

How current is this data?

Health data retrieved Apr 24, 2026 from CDC PLACES. School data retrieved Apr 27, 2026 from NCES CCD. Demographics retrieved Apr 30, 2026 from Census ACS 5-Year (2022). Home values retrieved May 1, 2026 from Zillow Research. College data retrieved May 2, 2026 from U.S. Dept of Education College Scorecard. Income & tax statistics retrieved May 2, 2026 from IRS SOI (Tax Year 2022). Business & employment retrieved May 3, 2026 from Census ZBP (2022). Social vulnerability scores retrieved May 3, 2026 from CDC/ATSDR SVI (2022). Federal disaster declarations retrieved May 3, 2026 from FEMA OpenFEMA (33 on record). Climate normals retrieved May 8, 2026 from NOAA NCEI (1991-2020). County-level crime data retrieved May 4, 2026 from the FBI Crime Data Explorer (2024). State-level tax rates retrieved 2026-05-05 15:58:22.284+00 from the Tax Foundation.

Other ZIPs near 72675

Other ZIPs in Pindall

Nearby ZIPs by distance

72636 (Gilbert, 4.7 mi) · 72669 (Pindall, 6.1 mi) · 72682 (10.1 mi) · 72633 (Everton, 10.5 mi) · 72685 (Western Grove, 11.3 mi) · 72650 (Marshall, 11.3 mi)

Compare ZIP-level stats — population, schools, housing, climate — across nearby areas. Source: U.S. Census Bureau ZCTA basemap.

More Info topics

Have a specific question about ZIP 72675?

Ask Mubboo — launching Q4 2026.

By Mubboo Editorial Team

Last reviewed Apr 24, 2026


Data sources

This page observes HIPAA and FERPA by surfacing only aggregate, de-identified federal datasets. Individual records are never displayed.

Mubboo may earn commissions from partner links. This does not affect our editorial independence.

Data refreshed via Mubboo's ETL pipeline; oldest source on this page retrieved Apr 24, 2026.