Population & age
- Total population
- 1,599
- Median age
- 22.3
Norfolk, VA (23551)
Norfolk city · Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC · Population 1,599
Fresh.Data current as of Apr 24, 2026
Norfolk, VA (ZIP 23551) sits in Norfolk city within the Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk metro area. The page draws on 1 federal data feed retrieved Apr 24. Top health signal: High Blood Pressure comes in below the national average at 15.3%. No NCES schools are mapped to this ZIP in the current dataset. 10 colleges and universities serve the area, with median in-state tuition of $15,569. Average annual pay across local establishments runs $94,410 per worker (Census ZBP) — a high-wage local economy. Hurricane accounts for 56% of the 18 FEMA disaster declarations on record for this ZIP. County Health Rankings reports 11,579 years of potential life lost per 100,000 (2025) — well above the national county median. Fast-food restaurants outnumber grocery stores roughly 6-to-1 per capita (USDA Food Environment Atlas) — a "food swamp" pattern often linked to higher diet-related disease prevalence. IRS migration data (2022-2023) shows a net loss of 2,679 residents (367 households) — the ZIP's primary county is shrinking. Both healthcare access and on-paper school density skew lighter than national norms; what shows up here is a snapshot, not a verdict — neighborhood-level texture matters at this scale. Notable: fair market rent of $1,890 for a two-bedroom. Every figure on this page links to its underlying federal dataset with a retrieval date so you can audit the freshness yourself.
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Demographics
Race & ethnicity
- White
- 41.2%
- Black
- 38.8%
- Asian
- 1.6%
- Hispanic / Latino
- 16.8%
- Other / multi-racial
- 18.4%
Education
- Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+)
- 30.2%
Housing
- Owner-occupied
- 0
- Renter-occupied
- 0
- Vacant units
- 16
Commute
- Public transit
- 0(0.0%)
- Work from home
- 0(0.0%)
- Avg commute
- 17.1 min
Economic wellbeing
- Below poverty line
- 0
- Uninsured
- 0(0.0%)
Digital access
- Broadband access
- 0
Language & nativity
- Foreign-born
- 101(6.3%)
- Non-English at home
- 339(21.2%)
Fair Market Rent
Fresh.HUD SAFMR · May 1, 2026Studio
$1,650
/month
1 Bed
$1,670
/month
2 Bed
$1,890
/month
3 Bed
$2,620
/month
4 Bed
$3,070
/month
HUD Fair Market Rents represent the 40th percentile of standard-quality rental housing in this area. FY2026 data.
New housing construction
New housing units permitted
438
Across 161 permitted buildings. Total construction value: $71.4M.
Single-family
145
33% of total units
Multifamily (2+ unit)
293
67% of total units
Single-family value
$23.5M
construction value
Multifamily value
$47.9M
construction value
Apartment construction (5+ unit buildings) accounts for 62% of new units this year — the area is densifying, not just adding single-family stock.
Based on county-level data (2024).
Source: U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey (census.gov/construction/bps). Public domain. BPS reports annual residential building permits from local permit-issuing jurisdictions, aggregated to county. A permit reflects intent to build, not a completed unit — actual construction lags by 6-24 months for multifamily projects.
Business & employment
Business establishments
23
Total employment
195
Annual payroll
$18.4M
Average annual pay
$94,410
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ZIP Business Patterns (census.gov). Public domain. ZBP covers establishments with paid employees; Census suppresses employment and payroll values when fewer employers operate in a ZIP than would protect their confidentiality.
Employment & wages
Average annual pay
$72,432
Average weekly wage
$1,393
Total employment
144,085
Total establishments
6,441
That is roughly 11% above the US national average of $65,470 per worker.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (bls.gov/cew). Public domain. QCEW is derived from state unemployment-insurance filings and covers ~95% of US jobs. Figures are county-level totals assigned to ZIPs whose primary county matches; small-employer cells are suppressed by BLS to protect employer confidentiality.
Unemployment
Unemployment rate
3.4%
That is 0.6 percentage points below the US national unemployment rate of about 4.0%.
Labor force
108,301
Employed
104,619
Unemployed
3,682
Based on Norfolk city, VA data (2024).
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics (bls.gov/lau). Public domain. LAUS publishes monthly and annual labor-force estimates for every US county. Figures are county-level totals assigned to ZIPs whose primary county matches.
Public transit
FTA tracks transit service at the urbanized-area level. Numbers below reflect the agencies and modes serving the area that contains this ZIP, not stop-level coverage.
Service status
Available
Virginia Beach--Norfolk, VA
Reporting agencies
3
Largest: City of Suffolk
Annual ridership
—
unlinked trips · 2024
Source: U.S. Federal Transit Administration, National Transit Database (transit.dot.gov). Public domain.
Federal Disaster Declarations
Federally Declared Disasters
18
Date Range
1972–2026
Most Recent Declaration
SEVERE WINTER STORM
Winter Storm — declared January 23, 2026 (DR-3631)
Incident period: January 22, 2026 – January 27, 2026
Top Incident Types
- Hurricane10 (56%)
- Biological2 (11%)
- Snowstorm2 (11%)
- Winter Storm1 (6%)
- Severe Storm1 (6%)
- Other2 (11%)
Individual Assistance
5
Direct help to disaster survivors
Households Program
3
Housing & temporary lodging support
Public Assistance
17
Repair of public facilities & roads
Hazard Mitigation
7
Funding to reduce future disaster risk
FEMA declares disasters at the county level; counts here include every federally declared disaster touching any county that overlaps this ZIP. Statewide declarations and pre-1964 records without county granularity are excluded. Program flags reflect which FEMA assistance categories were activated (Individual Assistance, Households, Public Assistance, Hazard Mitigation). Source: fema.gov/openfema. Public domain.
Climate
30-year averages (1991-2020) from the nearest GHCN-D weather station. Temperature and precipitation values reflect typical annual conditions, not any single year.
Avg. temperature
61.4°F
53.1° – 69.7°
Annual precipitation
45.7"
Annual snowfall
3"
Heating · cooling days
3,106.4 · 1,822.5
Annual base 65°F
Nearest station: NORFOLK NAS, VA US, 1.9 miles from the centroid of Norfolk, VA (ZIP 23551)
Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991–2020 U.S. Climate Normals (ncei.noaa.gov). Public domain.
Air quality
Median daily AQI
32
GoodGood 314dModerate 52d
Peak AQI (2024)
82
Moderate
Primary pollutant
PM2.5
329 days as main pollutant
Days measured
366
Based on Norfolk city data (2024).
Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality System (epa.gov). Public domain. Only counties with EPA AQS monitoring stations appear here (~30% of US counties); rural ZIPs whose primary county has no monitor will not show this section.
Community health profile
Years of potential life lost (per 100K)
11,579
That is roughly 3,379 years per 100,000 above the national county median (~8,200).
Premature death is the headline composite outcome CHR reports — age-adjusted, all-cause, before age 75.
Fair or poor health
19%
of adults self-report
Poor physical health days
4.5
avg per adult per month
Poor mental health days
5.8
avg per adult per month
Uninsured
8.2%
of residents under 65
Primary care MDs
99
per 100,000 residents
Preventable hospital stays
3,396
per 100K Medicare enrollees
Food environment (0-10)
7.7
10 = best access & security
Exercise access
92%
residents near a facility
Flu vaccinated
44%
of Medicare enrollees
Low birth weight (under 2,500 g) accounts for 10.9% of live births in this county — an early-life health input that downstream outcomes track against.
Based on Norfolk City data (2025 CHR release).
Source: County Health Rankings & Roadmaps, University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute (countyhealthrankings.org). Annual release. Underlying source datasets vary by measure (CDC BRFSS, NCHS Vital Statistics, AHA, USDA Food Environment Atlas, and others). Figures are county-level and assigned to every ZIP whose primary county matches.
Food access
Food access status
Moderate food access challenges
20.6% of Norfolk County, VA residents live more than 1 mile (urban) or 10 miles (rural) from the nearest supermarket.
Grocery stores
0.17
per 1,000 residents
Supercenters & clubs
0.02
per 1,000 residents
SNAP-authorized stores
0.82
accepting food benefits
Fast-food restaurants
1.04
per 1,000 residents
Among low-income residents, 8.1% are low-access — those without a supermarket within 1 mile (urban) or 10 miles (rural).
Per-1,000 figures show how many of each store type exist in Norfolk County, VA for every 1,000 residents. Higher grocery and supercenter density usually means easier access to fresh food; higher convenience-store-only density (with low grocery rate) often signals a food swamp.
Source: USDA Economic Research Service, Food Environment Atlas (ers.usda.gov). County-level metrics fanned to ZIP via the primary county in the Census ZCTA-county relationship file. Variable years differ per family (stores ~2020, low-access ~2019).
Who’s moving in and out
Net migration (2022-2023)
▼−2,679 people
−367 households • −$95.3M net AGI flow
Moved in
15,165households
24,489 people • $781.4M AGI
Moved out
15,532households
27,168 people • $876.7M AGI
Where new residents came from
- Virginia Beach city, VA — 2,544 households
- Chesapeake city, VA — 1,059 households
- Portsmouth city, VA — 505 households
- Hampton city, VA — 349 households
- Newport News city, VA — 280 households
Where departing residents went
- Virginia Beach city, VA — 2,578 households
- Chesapeake city, VA — 1,234 households
- Portsmouth city, VA — 581 households
- Hampton city, VA — 395 households
- Suffolk city, VA — 321 households
Incoming households reported an average AGI of $51,525 versus departing households' $56,443.
Source: U.S. Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income, Migration Data (irs.gov). Public domain. Migration is measured by year-over-year changes in the address on individual tax returns; figures are county-level totals attributed to ZIPs whose primary county matches. Foreign migration contributes to inflow/outflow totals but does not appear in the top-county lists. Small flows are suppressed by IRS to protect taxpayer confidentiality.
Taxes & benefits in Virginia
State-level rules that apply to every resident of ZIP 23551. Numbers reflect the most recent published year per source.
Tax rates
Income tax
5.75%
graduated · 4 brackets
Sales tax (combined)
5.77%
State 5.30% · avg local 0.47%
Property tax (effective)
0.77%
Median $2,505/year
Tax burden rank
35 of 50
10.90% of personal income
Paid family leave
Program
Virginia PFML
Mandatory (state-run insurance) · benefits begin 2028/2029
Max weeks/year
12
Parental
12wk
Max weekly benefit
$1,507
Replacement: 80% AWW · job protection
Safety net
SNAP eligibility
200% FPL
Broad-Based Categorical Eligibility (raises gross income limit above federal 130% floor). No asset test.
Sources: Tax Foundation (state tax rates & brackets), Bipartisan Policy Center (paid family leave), USDA FNS (SNAP categorical eligibility).
Other ZIPs near 23551
Other ZIPs in Norfolk
Nearby ZIPs by distance
23505 (Norfolk, 0.8 mi) · 23511 (Norfolk, 1.3 mi) · 23503 (Norfolk, 2.3 mi) · 23508 (Norfolk, 2.8 mi) · 23509 (Norfolk, 3.3 mi) · 23517 (Norfolk, 3.8 mi)
Compare ZIP-level stats — population, schools, housing, climate — across nearby areas. Source: U.S. Census Bureau ZCTA basemap.
Data sources used on this page
All data on this page is sourced from federal government datasets · Not AI-generated · Methodology
Health profile
Crude prevalence estimates from CDC PLACES, derived from BRFSS small-area modeling. Population-level figures only.
Obesity
30.5%
2.5pp below the 33.0% national rate.
High Blood Pressure
15.3%
16.7pp below the 32.0% national rate.
Depression
22.5%
Tracks close to the 22.0% national rate.
Annual Checkup
68.0%
8.0pp below the 76.0% national rate.
Health Insurance
13.9%
Tracks close to the 13.0% national rate.
Diabetes
2.5%
8.5pp below the 11.0% national rate.
Colleges & universities nearby
Colleges in this area
10
Median in-state tuition
$15,569
Median earnings (10 yr)
$41,261
- 4-Year
Old Dominion University
Norfolk, VA · 23529
- In-state tuition
- $12,750
- Out-of-state tuition
- $33,780
- Acceptance rate
- 90.4%
- Graduation rate
- 45.4%
- Median earnings (10 yr)
- $54,914
- Median student debt
- $24,000
- 2-Year
Tidewater Community College
Norfolk, VA · 23510
- In-state tuition
- $5,588
- Out-of-state tuition
- $12,296
- Acceptance rate
- —
- Graduation rate
- 30.9%
- Median earnings (10 yr)
- $38,349
- Median student debt
- $10,000
- 4-Year
Norfolk State University
Norfolk, VA · 23504
- In-state tuition
- $10,180
- Out-of-state tuition
- $21,682
- Acceptance rate
- 87.8%
- Graduation rate
- 35.7%
- Median earnings (10 yr)
- $44,666
- Median student debt
- $29,000
- 2-Year
Fortis College-Norfolk
Norfolk, VA · 23502
- In-state tuition
- $14,801
- Out-of-state tuition
- $14,801
- Acceptance rate
- —
- Graduation rate
- 31.2%
- Median earnings (10 yr)
- $32,754
- Median student debt
- $9,500
- Certificate
Tidewater Tech-Trades
Norfolk, VA · 23502
- In-state tuition
- $16,337
- Out-of-state tuition
- $16,337
- Acceptance rate
- —
- Graduation rate
- 72.8%
- Median earnings (10 yr)
- $31,657
- Median student debt
- $9,500
- 2-Year
Aviation Institute of Maintenance-Norfolk
Norfolk, VA · 23518
- In-state tuition
- $16,757
- Out-of-state tuition
- $16,757
- Acceptance rate
- —
- Graduation rate
- 54.4%
- Median earnings (10 yr)
- $44,173
- Median student debt
- $29,375
- 2-Year
Centura College-Norfolk
Norfolk, VA · 23518
- In-state tuition
- $16,637
- Out-of-state tuition
- $16,637
- Acceptance rate
- —
- Graduation rate
- 67.7%
- Median earnings (10 yr)
- $25,930
- Median student debt
- $14,750
- Certificate
Tidewater Tech-East Little Creek
Norfolk, VA · 23518
- In-state tuition
- $16,337
- Out-of-state tuition
- $16,337
- Acceptance rate
- —
- Graduation rate
- —
- Median earnings (10 yr)
- $31,657
- Median student debt
- $9,500
- Certificate
Central School of Practical Nursing
Norfolk, VA · 23502
- In-state tuition
- —
- Out-of-state tuition
- —
- Acceptance rate
- —
- Graduation rate
- 76.5%
- Median earnings (10 yr)
- $59,399
- Median student debt
- —
- 4-Year
Eastern Virginia Medical School
Norfolk, VA · 23507
- In-state tuition
- —
- Out-of-state tuition
- —
- Acceptance rate
- —
- Graduation rate
- —
- Median earnings (10 yr)
- $54,914
- Median student debt
- $24,000
Source: U.S. Department of Education College Scorecard (collegescorecard.ed.gov). Public domain data. Earnings figures reflect median earnings 10 years after entry for federally-aided students.
What these numbers say together
Norfolk, VA (ZIP 23551) sits in Norfolk city within the Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk metro area. The page draws on 1 federal data feed retrieved Apr 24. Top health signal: High Blood Pressure comes in below the national average at 15.3%. No NCES schools are mapped to this ZIP in the current dataset. 10 colleges and universities serve the area, with median in-state tuition of $15,569. Average annual pay across local establishments runs $94,410 per worker (Census ZBP) — a high-wage local economy. Hurricane accounts for 56% of the 18 FEMA disaster declarations on record for this ZIP. County Health Rankings reports 11,579 years of potential life lost per 100,000 (2025) — well above the national county median. Fast-food restaurants outnumber grocery stores roughly 6-to-1 per capita (USDA Food Environment Atlas) — a "food swamp" pattern often linked to higher diet-related disease prevalence. IRS migration data (2022-2023) shows a net loss of 2,679 residents (367 households) — the ZIP's primary county is shrinking. Both healthcare access and on-paper school density skew lighter than national norms; what shows up here is a snapshot, not a verdict — neighborhood-level texture matters at this scale. Notable: fair market rent of $1,890 for a two-bedroom. Every figure on this page links to its underlying federal dataset with a retrieval date so you can audit the freshness yourself.
The two domains pull in different directions. Healthcare access reads strong, but the on-paper school count is on the lighter side — that’s less a quality signal and more a density one. Households here often look at districts a few ZIPs over for school choice while keeping their providers local.
One concrete reading worth keeping: Depression prevalence sits near the national rate at 22.5%. Each figure on this page links to the original federal dataset with its retrieval date — this synthesis is a reading, not a substitute for the underlying records.
Frequently Asked Questions — ZIP 23551
What is the obesity rate in ZIP 23551?
30.5%, which is 2.5 percentage points below the national average of 33.0% (CDC PLACES, retrieved Apr 24, 2026).
What is the depression rate in ZIP 23551?
22.5%, which is 0.5 percentage points above the national average of 22.0% (CDC PLACES, retrieved Apr 24, 2026).
What is the high blood pressure rate in ZIP 23551?
15.3%, which is 16.7 percentage points below the national average of 32.0% (CDC PLACES, retrieved Apr 24, 2026).
What is the population of ZIP 23551?
1,599 people live in ZIP 23551, with a median age of 22.3 (Census ACS 5-Year 2022, retrieved Apr 30, 2026).
How do people commute in ZIP 23551?
In ZIP 23551, 0.0% of workers work from home. Public transit is used by 0.0% of commuters (Census ACS 5-Year 2022, retrieved Apr 30, 2026).
How many businesses are in ZIP 23551?
As of 2022, 23 business establishments operated in ZIP 23551 employing 195 workers (Census ZIP Business Patterns, retrieved May 3, 2026).
What is the average salary in ZIP 23551?
The average annual pay across all local establishments in ZIP 23551 is $94,410, based on Census ZIP Business Patterns 2022 data (retrieved May 3, 2026).
How vulnerable is ZIP 23551 to disasters and public health emergencies?
According to the CDC Social Vulnerability Index (2022), ZIP 23551 ranks in the 41th percentile nationally for social vulnerability — a moderate vulnerability profile (retrieved May 3, 2026).
What is the biggest vulnerability factor in ZIP 23551?
Racial & Ethnic Minority Status is the highest-scoring CDC SVI theme for ZIP 23551, ranking in the 67th percentile nationally (CDC/ATSDR Social Vulnerability Index 2022, retrieved May 3, 2026).
How many federally declared disasters has ZIP 23551 experienced?
FEMA has recorded 18 federal disaster declarations affecting ZIP 23551 between 1972–2026 (FEMA OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations, retrieved May 3, 2026).
What kinds of disasters most often hit ZIP 23551?
Hurricane is the most common federally declared disaster type affecting ZIP 23551, accounting for 10 of 18 declarations (56%, FEMA OpenFEMA, retrieved May 3, 2026).
What was the most recent disaster declared for ZIP 23551?
The most recent FEMA disaster declaration affecting ZIP 23551 was "SEVERE WINTER STORM" — a winter storm declared in 2026 (DR-3631) (FEMA OpenFEMA, retrieved May 3, 2026).
What colleges are near ZIP 23551?
10 colleges and universities are listed near ZIP 23551 by the U.S. Department of Education College Scorecard, including Old Dominion University, Tidewater Community College, and Norfolk State University (retrieved May 2, 2026).
What is the average tuition at colleges near ZIP 23551?
Median in-state tuition across 10 nearby institutions is $15,569 (College Scorecard, retrieved May 2, 2026).
What do graduates earn from colleges near ZIP 23551?
Graduates of nearby colleges earn a median of $41,261 ten years after entry (College Scorecard, retrieved May 2, 2026).
What is the climate like in ZIP 23551?
ZIP 23551 has an average annual temperature of 61.4°F and 45.7" of annual precipitation based on the NORFOLK NAS, VA US weather station 1.9 miles from the ZIP centroid (NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals, retrieved May 8, 2026).
Does ZIP 23551 have public transit?
Yes — ZIP 23551 is part of the Virginia Beach--Norfolk, VA urbanized area, primarily served by City of Suffolk (National Transit Database 2024, retrieved May 4, 2026).
What taxes apply in ZIP 23551?
Virginia has a graduated income tax with a top rate of 5.75%. Combined sales tax: 5.77% (Tax Foundation 2025).
Does Virginia have paid family leave?
Virginia has enacted a paid family leave program with benefits beginning 2028/2029 but it is not yet active (Bipartisan Policy Center 2026).
What data is available for ZIP 23551?
This page covers health outcomes from CDC PLACES (40 metrics), demographics from the Census ACS 5-Year (2022), colleges from the U.S. Department of Education College Scorecard (10 institutions), local business & employment from Census ZIP Business Patterns (2022), social vulnerability scores from the CDC/ATSDR SVI (2022), federal disaster declarations from FEMA OpenFEMA (18 on record), climate normals from NOAA NCEI (1991-2020), public transit coverage from the National Transit Database (2024), and state-level tax rates from the Tax Foundation. Data is refreshed on Mubboo's standard schedule.
How current is this data?
Health data retrieved Apr 24, 2026 from CDC PLACES. Demographics retrieved Apr 30, 2026 from Census ACS 5-Year (2022). College data retrieved May 2, 2026 from U.S. Dept of Education College Scorecard. Business & employment retrieved May 3, 2026 from Census ZBP (2022). Social vulnerability scores retrieved May 3, 2026 from CDC/ATSDR SVI (2022). Federal disaster declarations retrieved May 3, 2026 from FEMA OpenFEMA (18 on record). Climate normals retrieved May 8, 2026 from NOAA NCEI (1991-2020). Transit coverage retrieved May 4, 2026 from the National Transit Database (2024). State-level tax rates retrieved 2026-05-05 15:58:22.284+00 from the Tax Foundation.
Other ZIPs near 23551
Other ZIPs in Norfolk
Nearby ZIPs by distance
23505 (Norfolk, 0.8 mi) · 23511 (Norfolk, 1.3 mi) · 23503 (Norfolk, 2.3 mi) · 23508 (Norfolk, 2.8 mi) · 23509 (Norfolk, 3.3 mi) · 23517 (Norfolk, 3.8 mi)
Compare ZIP-level stats — population, schools, housing, climate — across nearby areas. Source: U.S. Census Bureau ZCTA basemap.
More Info topics
Have a specific question about ZIP 23551?
Ask Mubboo — launching Q4 2026.
Data refreshed via Mubboo's ETL pipeline; oldest source on this page retrieved Apr 24, 2026.
Social Vulnerability Index
Overall SVI
41st percentile
Moderate Vulnerability
Based on 1 census tract, population 2,431
Vulnerability Themes
Households Without Vehicle
4
Limited English Speakers
31
Persons with Disability
123
Without HS Diploma
19
Without Health Insurance
66
Adults Age 65+
19
The Social Vulnerability Index uses U.S. Census data to identify communities most at risk during public health emergencies and natural disasters. Higher percentiles indicate greater vulnerability. Tract-level scores are aggregated to this ZCTA via Census 2020 ZCTA→Tract crosswalk, weighted by land-area share. Source: atsdr.cdc.gov. Public domain.