Happy Valley, OR (97086)

Clackamas County · Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA · Population 32,537

Fresh.Data current as of Apr 24, 2026

Happy Valley, OR (ZIP 97086) sits in Clackamas County within the Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro metro area. The page draws on 2 federal data feeds retrieved Apr 27. Top health signal: Health Insurance comes in below the national average at 6.8%. NCES lists 6 schools serving the area, 6 non-charter. 7 colleges and universities serve the area, with median in-state tuition of $5,940. IRS data shows average household income (AGI) of $112,071, well above the ~$45K national average per return. FEMA has issued 23 federal disaster declarations affecting this ZIP since 1964 — a high-frequency exposure profile. Median daily AQI is just 30 per EPA AQS (2024), comfortably inside the Good range, with PM2.5 as the primary pollutant on most measured days. Only 5.6% of residents under 65 are uninsured (County Health Rankings, 2025) — well below the national county median. Fast-food restaurants outnumber grocery stores roughly 5-to-1 per capita (USDA Food Environment Atlas) — a "food swamp" pattern often linked to higher diet-related disease prevalence. New residents arriving here predominantly come from Multnomah County, OR (IRS SOI Migration, 2022-2023). Healthcare access is the area's quieter strength; school options sit on the lighter side, so families may find themselves looking at districts a few ZIPs over. Notable: median household income $100,185, fair market rent of $1,910 for a two-bedroom, and a typical home value of $682,078, down 1.1% over the past year. Every figure on this page links to its underlying federal dataset with a retrieval date so you can audit the freshness yourself.

Demographics

Population & age

Total population
32,537
Median age
40.9

Race & ethnicity

White
68.1%
Black
1.5%
Asian
14.6%
Hispanic / Latino
8.8%
Other / multi-racial
14.9%

Income & housing

Median household income
$100,185
Median home value
$621,700

Education

Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+)
41.1%

Employment

Unemployment rate
5.4%

Housing

Owner-occupied
7,641(64.2%)
Renter-occupied
4,258(35.8%)
Vacant units
671
Built (median)
1996

Commute

Public transit
601(3.9%)
Work from home
2,588(16.7%)
Avg commute
23.2 min

Economic wellbeing

Below poverty line
2,673(8.3%)
Uninsured
390(1.2%)

Digital access

Broadband access
10,760(90.4%)
No broadband
1,139(9.6%)

Language & nativity

Foreign-born
5,179(15.9%)
Non-English at home
6,353(20.5%)

Studio

$1,560

/month

1 Bed

$1,670

/month

2 Bed

$1,910

/month

3 Bed

$2,600

/month

4 Bed

$3,090

/month

HUD Fair Market Rents represent the 40th percentile of standard-quality rental housing in this area. FY2026 data.

Home values

Typical home value

$682,078

Zillow Home Value Index (ZHVI) · as of March 2026

Year-over-year change

-1.1%

vs. March 2025

5-year change

+18.9%

vs. March 2021

Metro area

Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA

Metropolitan statistical area

Source: Zillow Research, ZHVI All Homes (SFR, Condo/Co-op) Time Series (zillow.com/research/data). Zillow Home Value Index (ZHVI) is copyrighted by Zillow, Inc.

New housing construction

New housing units permitted

1,140

Across 769 permitted buildings. Total construction value: $403.3M.

Single-family

743

65% of total units

Multifamily (2+ unit)

397

35% of total units

Single-family value

$322.1M

construction value

Multifamily value

$81.2M

construction value

Based on county-level data (2024).

Source: U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey (census.gov/construction/bps). Public domain. BPS reports annual residential building permits from local permit-issuing jurisdictions, aggregated to county. A permit reflects intent to build, not a completed unit — actual construction lags by 6-24 months for multifamily projects.

Income & tax statistics

Tax returns filed

16,060

Average AGI

$112,071

Avg property tax

$1,585

EITC participation

9.0%

Income distribution

  • $1 – $25,00022.7% · 3,640
  • $25,000 – $50,00018.7% · 3,010
  • $50,000 – $75,00012.6% · 2,030
  • $75,000 – $100,0009.7% · 1,550
  • $100,000 – $200,00022.2% · 3,560
  • $200,000 or more14.1% · 2,270

Avg mortgage interest

$2,299

Avg charitable contribution

$1,352

Avg capital gains

$7,386

Avg total income tax

Source: IRS Statistics of Income — Individual Income Tax Statistics by ZIP Code (irs.gov). Public domain. Dollar columns reported in thousands by the IRS; figures here display real dollars. Total ZCTA AGI for the area was $1799.9M across all reported brackets.

Business & employment

Business establishments

871

Total employment

7,301

Annual payroll

$285.1M

Average annual pay

$39,051

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ZIP Business Patterns (census.gov). Public domain. ZBP covers establishments with paid employees; Census suppresses employment and payroll values when fewer employers operate in a ZIP than would protect their confidentiality.

Employment & wages

Average annual pay

$69,863

Average weekly wage

$1,344

Total employment

174,320

Total establishments

17,426

That is roughly 7% above the US national average of $65,470 per worker.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (bls.gov/cew). Public domain. QCEW is derived from state unemployment-insurance filings and covers ~95% of US jobs. Figures are county-level totals assigned to ZIPs whose primary county matches; small-employer cells are suppressed by BLS to protect employer confidentiality.

Unemployment

Unemployment rate

3.9%

That tracks the US national unemployment rate of about 4.0%.

Labor force

227,460

Employed

218,689

Unemployed

8,771

Based on Clackamas County, OR data (2024).

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics (bls.gov/lau). Public domain. LAUS publishes monthly and annual labor-force estimates for every US county. Figures are county-level totals assigned to ZIPs whose primary county matches.

Banking access

FDIC-insured bank branches

7

Typical banking access

A standard suburban / mid-density branch count for this area.

Total deposits

$1.1B

across all branches in this ZIP

Distinct institutions

5

different banks operating here

Top banks by deposits in this ZIP

  • 1.Umpqua Bank$311.8M · 2 branches
  • 2.U.S. Bank National Association$238.4M · 1 branch
  • 3.Bank of America, National Association$231.1M · 1 branch

Based on FDIC-insured branch offices as of June 30, 2024.

Source: FDIC Summary of Deposits (fdic.gov). Annual June-30 snapshot of every FDIC-insured branch and the deposits booked there. Figures cover all institutions reporting a branch address in this ZIP.

Alternative-fuel stations

Public EV charging stations

4

Established EV charging

Multiple public charging stations across the ZIP — typical of mid-density suburban and small-urban areas with active EV adoption.

Level 2 ports

14

AC charging — workplace, retail, home

DC Fast ports

0

Highway-class fast charging

Charging networks

  • Blink Network
  • ChargePoint Network
  • eVgo Network
  • + 1 more network

Propane (LPG)

1

Propane autogas

Active public stations only. Snapshot taken 2026; AFDC's underlying registry refreshes continuously as stations open and close.

Source: U.S. Department of Energy via NREL (afdc.energy.gov). Per-ZIP counts of active public alternative-fuel stations (electric, hydrogen, propane, CNG, biodiesel, E85, LNG, renewable diesel) and EV charging-port totals.

Social Vulnerability Index

Overall SVI

44th percentile

Moderate Vulnerability

Based on 8 census tracts, population 32,607

Vulnerability Themes

  • Socioeconomic Status31st percentile
  • Household Characteristics67th percentile
  • Racial & Ethnic Minority Status52nd percentile
  • Housing Type & Transportation52nd percentile

Households Without Vehicle

815

Limited English Speakers

904

Persons with Disability

3,699

Without HS Diploma

1,154

Without Health Insurance

1,467

Adults Age 65+

5,974

The Social Vulnerability Index uses U.S. Census data to identify communities most at risk during public health emergencies and natural disasters. Higher percentiles indicate greater vulnerability. Tract-level scores are aggregated to this ZCTA via Census 2020 ZCTA→Tract crosswalk, weighted by land-area share. Source: atsdr.cdc.gov. Public domain.

Federal Disaster Declarations

Federally Declared Disasters

23

Date Range

1964–2026

Most Recent Declaration

SEVERE STORMS, STRAIGHT-LINE WINDS, FLOODING, LANDSLIDES, AND MUDSLIDES

Severe Storm — declared April 7, 2026 (DR-4907)

Incident period: December 15, 2025 – December 21, 2025

Top Incident Types

  • Severe Storm8 (35%)
  • Fire7 (30%)
  • Flood4 (17%)
  • Biological2 (9%)
  • Coastal Storm1 (4%)
  • Other1 (4%)

Individual Assistance

4

Direct help to disaster survivors

Households Program

2

Housing & temporary lodging support

Public Assistance

23

Repair of public facilities & roads

Hazard Mitigation

13

Funding to reduce future disaster risk

FEMA declares disasters at the county level; counts here include every federally declared disaster touching any county that overlaps this ZIP. Statewide declarations and pre-1964 records without county granularity are excluded. Program flags reflect which FEMA assistance categories were activated (Individual Assistance, Households, Public Assistance, Hazard Mitigation). Source: fema.gov/openfema. Public domain.

Air quality

Median daily AQI

30

Good
Good 325dModerate 34dUSG 6d

Peak AQI (2024)

127

Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups

Primary pollutant

PM2.5

225 days as main pollutant

Days measured

365

Based on Clackamas County data (2024).

Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality System (epa.gov). Public domain. Only counties with EPA AQS monitoring stations appear here (~30% of US counties); rural ZIPs whose primary county has no monitor will not show this section.

Community health profile

Years of potential life lost (per 100K)

5,882

That is roughly 2,318 years per 100,000 below the national county median (~8,200).

Premature death is the headline composite outcome CHR reports — age-adjusted, all-cause, before age 75.

Fair or poor health

14%

of adults self-report

Poor physical health days

3.8

avg per adult per month

Poor mental health days

5.7

avg per adult per month

Uninsured

5.6%

of residents under 65

Primary care MDs

92

per 100,000 residents

Preventable hospital stays

1,785

per 100K Medicare enrollees

Food environment (0-10)

8.9

10 = best access & security

Exercise access

92%

residents near a facility

Flu vaccinated

47%

of Medicare enrollees

Low birth weight (under 2,500 g) accounts for 6.1% of live births in this county — an early-life health input that downstream outcomes track against.

Based on Clackamas data (2025 CHR release).

Source: County Health Rankings & Roadmaps, University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute (countyhealthrankings.org). Annual release. Underlying source datasets vary by measure (CDC BRFSS, NCHS Vital Statistics, AHA, USDA Food Environment Atlas, and others). Figures are county-level and assigned to every ZIP whose primary county matches.

Food access

Food access status

Moderate food access challenges

17.3% of Clackamas County, OR residents live more than 1 mile (urban) or 10 miles (rural) from the nearest supermarket.

Grocery stores

0.12

per 1,000 residents

Supercenters & clubs

0.04

per 1,000 residents

SNAP-authorized stores

0.57

accepting food benefits

Fast-food restaurants

0.58

per 1,000 residents

Among low-income residents, 3.4% are low-access — those without a supermarket within 1 mile (urban) or 10 miles (rural).

Per-1,000 figures show how many of each store type exist in Clackamas County, OR for every 1,000 residents. Higher grocery and supercenter density usually means easier access to fresh food; higher convenience-store-only density (with low grocery rate) often signals a food swamp.

Source: USDA Economic Research Service, Food Environment Atlas (ers.usda.gov). County-level metrics fanned to ZIP via the primary county in the Census ZCTA-county relationship file. Variable years differ per family (stores ~2020, low-access ~2019).

Who’s moving in and out

Net migration (2022-2023)

−1,293 people

−807 households−$79.8M net AGI flow

Moved in

15,988households

26,049 people • $1.4B AGI

Moved out

16,795households

27,342 people • $1.5B AGI

Where new residents came from

  1. Multnomah County, OR4,847 households
  2. Washington County, OR2,049 households
  3. Marion County, OR704 households
  4. Clark County, WA639 households
  5. Yamhill County, OR217 households

Where departing residents went

  1. Multnomah County, OR3,825 households
  2. Washington County, OR1,829 households
  3. Clark County, WA886 households
  4. Marion County, OR791 households
  5. Maricopa County, AZ308 households

Incoming households reported an average AGI of $89,209 versus departing households' $89,673.

Source: U.S. Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income, Migration Data (irs.gov). Public domain. Migration is measured by year-over-year changes in the address on individual tax returns; figures are county-level totals attributed to ZIPs whose primary county matches. Foreign migration contributes to inflow/outflow totals but does not appear in the top-county lists. Small flows are suppressed by IRS to protect taxpayer confidentiality.

Data sources used on this page

Health profile

Crude prevalence estimates from CDC PLACES, derived from BRFSS small-area modeling. Population-level figures only.

Schools in this ZIP

6 schools serve this ZIP, including 6 non-charter.

Top 5 schools by enrollment
SchoolTypeGradesEnrollment
Happy Valley Middle SchoolPublic6–81,052
Spring Mountain Elementary SchoolPublic0–5418
Happy Valley Elementary SchoolPublic0–5410
Mount Scott Elementary SchoolPublic0–5360
Scouters Mountain ElementaryPublic0–5335

Showing top 5 by enrollment. 1 more schools serve this ZIP.

Schools listed from NCES Common Core of Data via the Urban Institute Education Data Portal.

Fresh.NCES CCD via Urban Institute EDP · Apr 27, 2026

Colleges & universities nearby

Colleges in this area

7

Median in-state tuition

$5,940

Median earnings (10 yr)

$24,421

  • Phagans School of Hair Design

    Happy Valley, OR · 97086

    2-Year
    In-state tuition
    Out-of-state tuition
    Acceptance rate
    Graduation rate
    80.1%
    Median earnings (10 yr)
    $22,912
    Median student debt
    $8,297
  • Northwest College-Clackamas

    Happy Valley, OR · 97086

    2-Year
    In-state tuition
    Out-of-state tuition
    Acceptance rate
    Graduation rate
    54.5%
    Median earnings (10 yr)
    $24,421
    Median student debt
    $7,564
  • Clackamas Community College

    Oregon City, OR · 97045

    2-Year
    In-state tuition
    $6,345
    Out-of-state tuition
    $14,265
    Acceptance rate
    Graduation rate
    22.6%
    Median earnings (10 yr)
    $42,886
    Median student debt
    $11,992
  • Mt Hood Community College

    Gresham, OR · 97030

    4-Year
    In-state tuition
    $5,247
    Out-of-state tuition
    $9,819
    Acceptance rate
    Graduation rate
    24.9%
    Median earnings (10 yr)
    $41,125
    Median student debt
    $13,667
  • Columbia Gorge Community College

    The Dalles, OR · 97058

    2-Year
    In-state tuition
    $5,940
    Out-of-state tuition
    $10,260
    Acceptance rate
    Graduation rate
    21.6%
    Median earnings (10 yr)
    $44,440
    Median student debt
    $19,397
  • Northwest College-Beaverton

    Beaverton, OR · 97005

    2-Year
    In-state tuition
    Out-of-state tuition
    Acceptance rate
    Graduation rate
    50.0%
    Median earnings (10 yr)
    $24,421
    Median student debt
    $7,564
  • Northwest College-Tualatin

    Tualatin, OR · 97062

    2-Year
    In-state tuition
    Out-of-state tuition
    Acceptance rate
    Graduation rate
    83.7%
    Median earnings (10 yr)
    $24,421
    Median student debt
    $7,564

Source: U.S. Department of Education College Scorecard (collegescorecard.ed.gov). Public domain data. Earnings figures reflect median earnings 10 years after entry for federally-aided students.

What these numbers say together

Happy Valley, OR (ZIP 97086) sits in Clackamas County within the Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro metro area. The page draws on 2 federal data feeds retrieved Apr 27. Top health signal: Health Insurance comes in below the national average at 6.8%. NCES lists 6 schools serving the area, 6 non-charter. 7 colleges and universities serve the area, with median in-state tuition of $5,940. IRS data shows average household income (AGI) of $112,071, well above the ~$45K national average per return. FEMA has issued 23 federal disaster declarations affecting this ZIP since 1964 — a high-frequency exposure profile. Median daily AQI is just 30 per EPA AQS (2024), comfortably inside the Good range, with PM2.5 as the primary pollutant on most measured days. Only 5.6% of residents under 65 are uninsured (County Health Rankings, 2025) — well below the national county median. Fast-food restaurants outnumber grocery stores roughly 5-to-1 per capita (USDA Food Environment Atlas) — a "food swamp" pattern often linked to higher diet-related disease prevalence. New residents arriving here predominantly come from Multnomah County, OR (IRS SOI Migration, 2022-2023). Healthcare access is the area's quieter strength; school options sit on the lighter side, so families may find themselves looking at districts a few ZIPs over. Notable: median household income $100,185, fair market rent of $1,910 for a two-bedroom, and a typical home value of $682,078, down 1.1% over the past year. Every figure on this page links to its underlying federal dataset with a retrieval date so you can audit the freshness yourself.

The two domains pull in different directions. Healthcare access reads strong, but the on-paper school count is on the lighter side — that’s less a quality signal and more a density one. Households here often look at districts a few ZIPs over for school choice while keeping their providers local.

One concrete reading worth keeping: Depression prevalence sits higher the national rate at 26.6%. Each figure on this page links to the original federal dataset with its retrieval date — this synthesis is a reading, not a substitute for the underlying records.

Frequently Asked Questions — ZIP 97086

What is the obesity rate in ZIP 97086?

32.5%, which is 0.5 percentage points below the national average of 33.0% (CDC PLACES, retrieved Apr 24, 2026).

What is the depression rate in ZIP 97086?

26.6%, which is 4.6 percentage points above the national average of 22.0% (CDC PLACES, retrieved Apr 24, 2026).

What is the high blood pressure rate in ZIP 97086?

29.6%, which is 2.4 percentage points below the national average of 32.0% (CDC PLACES, retrieved Apr 24, 2026).

How many schools are in ZIP 97086?

6 schools serve this ZIP, including 6 public schools (NCES CCD, retrieved Apr 27, 2026). No charter schools are listed in this ZIP by NCES CCD.

Does ZIP 97086 have charter schools?

No charter schools are listed in ZIP 97086 by NCES CCD (retrieved Apr 27, 2026).

Are there high schools in ZIP 97086?

Yes, 1 high school serves this ZIP: Clackamas Middle College. (NCES CCD, retrieved Apr 27, 2026).

What is the population of ZIP 97086?

32,537 people live in ZIP 97086, with a median age of 40.9 (Census ACS 5-Year 2022, retrieved Apr 30, 2026).

What is the median household income in ZIP 97086?

$100,185 per year (Census ACS 5-Year 2022, retrieved Apr 30, 2026).

Is ZIP 97086 mostly renters or homeowners?

In ZIP 97086, 64.2% of occupied housing units are owner-occupied and 35.8% are renter-occupied (Census ACS 5-Year 2022, retrieved Apr 30, 2026).

How do people commute in ZIP 97086?

In ZIP 97086, 16.7% of workers work from home. Public transit is used by 3.9% of commuters (Census ACS 5-Year 2022, retrieved Apr 30, 2026).

What is the poverty rate in ZIP 97086?

8.3% of the population in ZIP 97086 lives below the federal poverty line (Census ACS 5-Year 2022, retrieved Apr 30, 2026).

What percentage of households in ZIP 97086 have broadband internet?

90.4% of households in ZIP 97086 have broadband internet access (Census ACS 5-Year 2022, retrieved Apr 30, 2026).

What is the typical home value in ZIP 97086?

The typical home value in ZIP 97086 is $682,078, down 1.1% from a year ago (Zillow Home Value Index, retrieved May 1, 2026).

Are home values rising or falling in ZIP 97086?

Home values are down 1.1% over the past year and up 18.9% over the past five years (Zillow Home Value Index, retrieved May 1, 2026).

What is the average household income in ZIP 97086?

The average Adjusted Gross Income reported on tax returns from ZIP 97086 (Happy Valley, OR) is $112,071 per return (IRS SOI Tax Year 2022, retrieved May 2, 2026).

How much do homeowners pay in property tax in ZIP 97086?

Tax returns from ZIP 97086 report an average of $1,585 per return in real-estate tax deductions (IRS SOI Tax Year 2022, retrieved May 2, 2026).

What percentage of residents in ZIP 97086 earn over $200,000?

14.1% of tax returns from ZIP 97086 (Happy Valley, OR) report Adjusted Gross Income of $200,000 or more (IRS SOI Tax Year 2022, retrieved May 2, 2026).

How many businesses are in ZIP 97086?

As of 2022, 871 business establishments operated in ZIP 97086 employing 7,301 workers (Census ZIP Business Patterns, retrieved May 3, 2026).

What is the average salary in ZIP 97086?

The average annual pay across all local establishments in ZIP 97086 is $39,051, based on Census ZIP Business Patterns 2022 data (retrieved May 3, 2026).

How vulnerable is ZIP 97086 to disasters and public health emergencies?

According to the CDC Social Vulnerability Index (2022), ZIP 97086 ranks in the 44th percentile nationally for social vulnerability — a moderate vulnerability profile (retrieved May 3, 2026).

What is the biggest vulnerability factor in ZIP 97086?

Household Characteristics is the highest-scoring CDC SVI theme for ZIP 97086, ranking in the 67th percentile nationally (CDC/ATSDR Social Vulnerability Index 2022, retrieved May 3, 2026).

How many federally declared disasters has ZIP 97086 experienced?

FEMA has recorded 23 federal disaster declarations affecting ZIP 97086 between 1964–2026 (FEMA OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations, retrieved May 3, 2026).

What kinds of disasters most often hit ZIP 97086?

Severe Storm is the most common federally declared disaster type affecting ZIP 97086, accounting for 8 of 23 declarations (35%, FEMA OpenFEMA, retrieved May 3, 2026).

What was the most recent disaster declared for ZIP 97086?

The most recent FEMA disaster declaration affecting ZIP 97086 was "SEVERE STORMS, STRAIGHT-LINE WINDS, FLOODING, LANDSLIDES, AND MUDSLIDES" — a severe storm declared in 2026 (DR-4907) (FEMA OpenFEMA, retrieved May 3, 2026).

What colleges are near ZIP 97086?

7 colleges and universities are listed near ZIP 97086 by the U.S. Department of Education College Scorecard, including Phagans School Of Hair Design, Northwest College-Clackamas, and Clackamas Community College (retrieved May 2, 2026).

What is the average tuition at colleges near ZIP 97086?

Median in-state tuition across 7 nearby institutions is $5,940 (College Scorecard, retrieved May 2, 2026).

What do graduates earn from colleges near ZIP 97086?

Graduates of nearby colleges earn a median of $24,421 ten years after entry (College Scorecard, retrieved May 2, 2026).

What data is available for ZIP 97086?

This page covers health outcomes from CDC PLACES (33 metrics), school information from NCES CCD (6 schools), demographics from the Census ACS 5-Year (2022), home values from the Zillow Home Value Index, colleges from the U.S. Department of Education College Scorecard (7 institutions), income & tax statistics from the IRS SOI (Tax Year 2022), local business & employment from Census ZIP Business Patterns (2022), social vulnerability scores from the CDC/ATSDR SVI (2022), and federal disaster declarations from FEMA OpenFEMA (23 on record). Data is refreshed on Mubboo's standard schedule.

How current is this data?

Health data retrieved Apr 24, 2026 from CDC PLACES. School data retrieved Apr 27, 2026 from NCES CCD. Demographics retrieved Apr 30, 2026 from Census ACS 5-Year (2022). Home values retrieved May 1, 2026 from Zillow Research. College data retrieved May 2, 2026 from U.S. Dept of Education College Scorecard. Income & tax statistics retrieved May 2, 2026 from IRS SOI (Tax Year 2022). Business & employment retrieved May 3, 2026 from Census ZBP (2022). Social vulnerability scores retrieved May 3, 2026 from CDC/ATSDR SVI (2022). Federal disaster declarations retrieved May 3, 2026 from FEMA OpenFEMA (23 on record).

More Info topics

Nearby ZIPs: more ZIP code profiles launching Q3 2026.

Have a specific question about ZIP 97086?

Ask Mubboo — launching Q4 2026.

By Mubboo Editorial Team

Last reviewed Apr 24, 2026


Data sources

This page observes HIPAA and FERPA by surfacing only aggregate, de-identified federal datasets. Individual records are never displayed.

Mubboo may earn commissions from partner links. This does not affect our editorial independence.

Data refreshed via Mubboo's ETL pipeline; oldest source on this page retrieved Apr 24, 2026.